Psychological characteristics of patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in its isolated course and combination with arterial hypertension

For many years, the attention of researchers has been focused on assessing the industrial impact on the somatic processes caused by the formation of the disease. Recently, it has been established that in addition to structural changes in the patient’s body that determine the course of a chronic disease, a psychological imbalance is formed that significantly reduces the quality of life of such patients. The aim is to determine the psychological characteristics of patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in its isolated course and combination with arterial hypertension. The study included 235 people divided into five groups: group 1 (n = 60) (control) — healthy volunteers (employees of healthcare institutions); group 2 (n = 35) — patients with first-degree COPD; group 3 (n = 50) — patients with Second-degree PCBL; group 4 (n = 40) — patients with a combination of second-degree PCBL and arterial hypertension; group 5 (n = 50) — patients with isolated hypertension. To assess the psychological components of health, the Bass-Darki and Plutchik-Kellerman-Conte Life Style Index (LSI) questionnaires adapted by E. S. Romanova and L. R. Grebennikov. It was found that according to the parameters characterizing the decompensation of the psychological state, the highest rates were obtained in the group of people with a combined course of PCOBL and hypertension. At the same time, in some cases, it was the presence of arterial hypertension in patients with PCBL that was critical in assessing compensatory mechanisms. In terms of indicators that determine compensatory capabilities in the psychological sphere, on the contrary, individuals with combined pathology showed minimal results, which indicates the need for preventive measures to increase the motivation of such patients for further activities. Thus, exposure to industrial dust can be attributed to stressful factors that lead to the development of not only pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, but also pronounced psycho-emotional disorders. The study was carried out within the framework of a comprehensive topic of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor V. V. Kosarev of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation «Problems of polymorbidity, diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of occupational and production-related diseases in workers with isolated combined effects of factors of the industrial environment and the labor process» (registration number 124053000016–4, registration date 30.05.2024).