Optimization of the extraction process of phenolic compounds from native bee pollen from Amazon using water with ultrasound assisted through experimental design

This study aimed to study the physicochemical composition and to achieve the best condition of the extraction of phenolic and flavonoid compounds from the pollen of the Amazonian stingless bee Scaptotrigona depilis using aqueous solution as solvent with assisted ultrasound (UAE) aiming at green chemistry. To determine the best condition of the extraction a 2² factorial design with three replicates at the central point was used, the factors studied were extraction time (5-15 minutes) and solid-liquid ratio (2 – 10%w/v). The responses were total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TF) and the antioxidant activity (AA) through the ABTS method. Regarding the physicochemical composition, pollen showed to be a source of proteins (25.14 g/100 g). Statistical analysis revealed that the extraction time and the solid-liquid ratio significantly influenced the TF, and AA responses (p