Prosthetic aortic graft infection: A review of the current situation

The article discusses various causes of prosthetic infection affecting synthetic aortic grafts in patients who have undergone vascular reconstruction using synthetic vascular prostheses. Considered a highly dangerous complication, this infection is regarded as a process with multifactorial pathogenesis resulting from the combined impact of intraoperative factors and patient risk factors. All established methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnosis of this complication are discussed; clinical classifications are also provided in accordance with the recommendations of the Management of Aortic Graft Infection Collaboration (MAGIC). Standardized methods for treating patients with prosthetic infection remain undefined due to the diversity of its clinical forms, which are associated with the extent of the process, the virulence of the microbial agent, the patient's response to the septic process, and the varying levels of expertise among clinics providing care to patients with this pathology. Accordingly, this study aims to review more than 40 publications on the causes of prosthetic aortic graft infection, diagnostic methods, and comprehensive treatment over the past 15 years.