Potential use of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) as Recycled Concrete Aggregate

With the increasing population, the rapid urbanization and construction needs have led the construction sector to consume significant amounts of natural resources and generate large-scale waste. One of the fundamental building materials of the construction industry is concrete. However, its use and production result in high carbon emissions and energy consumption. In this context, the recycling of concrete, which is a key material in the sector, and the use of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) emerge as significant solutions for reducing environmental impacts and aligning with the principles of the circular economy within the framework of sustainable construction. Study focuses on the production process, usage standards, application areas, and benefits of recycled concrete aggregates obtained from construction and demolition waste are discussed. It has been determined that RCA, which has certain quality differences compared to natural aggregates, is widely used in road infrastructure, fill materials, drainage systems, and specific structural elements. Additionally, within the scope of the technical standards in effect in Turkey and worldwide, RCA can be used in concrete production at certain proportions. However, in terms of strength, it requires a more careful engineering process compared to natural aggregates. This article evaluates the impact of recycled concrete aggregates on sustainable construction and presents recommendations for the future of the construction sector within the framework of zero waste and circular economy principles. The results indicate that recycled concrete aggregates offer a significant alternative from environmental, economic, and engineering perspectives and should be encouraged for wider use in the coming years.