A Comprehensive Review of the Two-Dimensional Material Borophene

Borophene, which is the two-dimensional allotrope of boron atom in its simplest definition, is interesting with its polymorphism and anisotropic properties. It stands out among other 2D materials with its superior chemical properties, high mechanical strength and relatively high superconductivity transition temperature. With the studies that started theoretically, the first synthesis of borophene using a metal substrate paved the way for experimental studies. In addition to methods such as MBE and CVD based on the growth process on a metal substrate, borophene layers were produced by sonochemical, electrochemical and mechanical methods based on the exfoliation approach. Due to its high electronic conductivity, metallic behavior and electrochemical properties, it is used in many different areas such as energy storage, sensor applications, optical applications and biomedical applications. This study aimed to present a comprehensive report on the theoretical and experimental advances in borophene production along with its current application areas. Current methods and synthesis parameters used in borophene synthesis are discussed in detail and presented clearly. Finally, current challenges in borophene production and possible future application areas are evaluated.