Robot-Assisted Radical Nephrectomy with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy

Background : Robot-assisted radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a complex intervention whose development requires evaluation in comparison with the traditional open method. Objective : To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and technical features of robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) with IVC thrombectomy. Materials and methods : A systematic literature search was conducted in databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary) from 1987 to 2025 using keywords related to RCC, IVC tumor thrombus, and robot-assisted surgery. Conclusion : The review demonstrates that RARN with IVC thrombectomy is a feasible and safe alternative to open surgery, providing comparable operative time while offering significant advantages: reduced intraoperative blood loss, frequency of blood transfusions, overall complication rate, and length of hospital stay. Implementation of the method requires a multidisciplinary approach, highly qualified surgical team, and careful patient selection. Further multicenter prospective studies are necessary for final confirmation of efficacy and standardization of the technique.