Analysis of the observer training in the use of the SOTC-PE: a case study

The use of observation instruments requires observer training to ensure that the data obtained is accurate and reliable. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the training process of two observers in the use of the System for Observing Teaching Competencies in Physical Education, to describe strengths, to identify the main factors that hindered the training, and to make recommendations for the development of effective observer training in the field of Physical Education. Two observers voluntarily participated in the online training, which consisted of three phases: theoretical phase, simplified and joint practical phase, and practical phase in real situations. Data collection was carried out through recordings of the course sessions and a tracking journal. After 16 hours of training, both observers demonstrated high levels of overall accuracy and reliability (> 90% and ĸ > 0,75). Most comparisons yielded high agreement by dimension (> 80% and ĸ > 0,61), though some relating to dimensions 2 and 4 showed lower levels (ĸ 0.41 - 0,60). These findings confirm that structured training improves the consistency and accuracy of observational assessments and emphasise the importance of dimension-specific reinforcement in future Physical Education research training protocols.