DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF STM32-BASED MULTI-PARAMETER ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR AGRICULTURAL WATER ENVIRONMENT

To address the limitations of traditional water quality detection systems, such as high costs and inadequate real-time performance, a multi-source sensor collaborative monitoring solution tailored for agricultural water environments is proposed in this study. Centered on an STM32F103 microcontroller, the system integrates DS18B20 temperature, infrared turbidity, and composite pH sensors, enabling real-time dynamic monitoring of parameters via a dedicated mobile application. A 24-hour continuous operation test in a static water environment demonstrates that the system can accurately and objectively capture the physical settling and thermodynamic response characteristics of water samples, while maintaining long-term stability without crashes. Operating stably at 5V, the system achieves a rapid data response and refresh cycle of ≤2s and exhibits excellent measurement accuracy: the pH error is controlled within ±0.3, the temperature error is ±0.5℃, the turbidity resolution is 1 NTU, and the overall measurement error remains within ±5%. This system provides crucial real-time data for agricultural non-point source pollution control and offers significant technical value for ensuring water safety irrigation, developing smart agricultural water management, assessing pollution status, and formulating effective pollution mitigation strategies.