Integrating artificial intelligence in the diagnostic pathway of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A case report

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms primarily originating in the stomach or small intestine. Duodenal GISTs are particularly uncommon, accounting for only a small fraction of GIST cases. These tumors often present with nonspecific symptoms, making early detection challenging. This case discusses a duodenal GIST misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer due to obstructive jaundice. CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old male with jaundice and abdominal symptoms underwent imaging, which suggested a malignant periampullary tumor. Preoperative misdiagnosis of pancreatic cancer was made, and surgery was performed. Postoperative histopathology confirmed a duodenal GIST. The role of artificial intelligence in the diagnostic pathway is explored, emphasizing its potential to differentiate between duodenal GISTs and other similar conditions using advanced imaging analysis. CONCLUSION Artificial intelligence in radiomic imaging holds significant promise in enhancing the diagnostic process for rare cancers like duodenal GISTs, ensuring timely and accurate treatment.