Study of The Durability of Mozabite Vernacular Architecture in Its Current State Through the Principle of Contextualisation: Case Study of The Beni-Isguen Ksar, Ghardaïa, Algeria

The study aims to assess how current Mozabite vernacular houses fit into their spatio-temporal context, focusing on the Beni-Isguen ksar in Ghardaïa, Algeria. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Mozabite architecture once embodied ecological and sustainable housing, perfectly adapted to its environment. However, transformations intended to ensure durability have raised questions about contextualization, a core principle in sustainable development. Using a multi-method approach—comprising fieldwork, interviews, photographs, and observations of architecture and lifestyle—the study examined contextualization through a multidimensional grid that encompassed physical, environmental, social, cultural, economic, and historical aspects. Results indicate that while these dwellings preserve strong physical, cultural, and historical roots, they no longer fully meet residents’ social needs or respond to economic pressures. Unsupervised modifications have undermined compliance with heritage protection and weakened their environmental intelligence. The article concludes by offering perspectives for research, heritage rehabilitation, and the design of new housing that is ecological, sustainable, and better adapted to contemporary needs.