Maternal serum amyloid a as a potential biomarker for primary unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss: a case-control study in Iraq

Objective.Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial condition where many of the proposed risk factors lack an etiologic explanation, especially in primary unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss (REPL).Herein, the association between maternal serum amyloid A (SAA) levels and primary unexplained REPL is examined among women who presented with firsttrimester miscarriage. Materials and Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital from June 2023 to June 2024.It included 140 women who were diagnosed with a case of missed miscarriage and were divided into two groups.The study cohort consisted of 70 women with more than two consecutive REPLs without previous live birth deliveries.The control group included 70 women who had delivered at least once and never experienced REPL.Complete demographic data were taken from all subjects.SAA levels in both groups were estimated using ELISA kits.