Low-Altitude Wireless Network Empowering Smart Grid: Standards, Opportunities, and Outlooks

Driven by the vision of a new electricity system, conventional ground-based control models struggle to manage the refined construction and operation of power grids in complex scenarios. The low-altitude wireless network (LAWN) leverages digital and intelligent empowerment to establish a reliable, efficient, and flexible smart grid (SG) system, which not only creates vast application cases for its own development but also provides an advanced technological pathway for grid upgrades. The standardization progress in SG and LAWN fields is first introduced in this paper. Then, the key technologies enabling LAWN to empower SG are further reviewed, including integrated sensing, communication, and computation, space-air-ground integrated network, artificial intelligence and large language model, and special operations with tangible interactions. Finally, we identify several potential challenges and future directions.