To Compare The Effects Of Empagliflozin And Metformin On Serum Vitamin D Levels In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic conditions with increased risk to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM. Recent researches have also proposed a relationship between MetS and vitamin D insufficiency. Empagliflozin and Metformin are commonly prescribed for treating MetS; however, their comparative impact on serum vitamin D level remains unclear. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the impact of empagliflozin and metformin on serum vitamin D levels in patients with MetS. Methods: A comparative study was carried out involving 100 patients diagnosed with T2DM, who were assigned to receive Empagliflozin (Group A) & Metformin (Group B). The variables, including weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile and Serum Vitamin D, were recorded, before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v23 to assess group differences. Results: After treatment, the Metformin group showed significant reduction in weight and BMI (p < 0.05), while Empagliflozin group had greater reduction in WHR and Blood pressure (p < 0.05). glycemic control improved significantly in both groups, with a slightly greater FBS reduction in the metformin group (p < 0.05). Empagliflozin significantly increased Vitamin D levels (p < 0.001), whereas Metformin reduced them. Conclusion: both drugs improved glycemic control, but Empagliflozin had added benefits on central obesity, blood pressure, lipid profile, and Vitamin D levels, highlighting its potential extra-metabolic effects and the need for further long-term research.