Factors Associated with the Outcome of Ventilated Neonates in the Intensive Care Unit

Introduction: Despite significant reductions in overall neonatal mortality in Bangladesh, outcomes among mechanically ventilated neonates remain suboptimal. Mortality in this high-risk population is influenced by multiple interrelated clinical and biochemical factors. Identifying these determinants is critical for risk stratification and targeted interventions in resource-constrained healthcare settings. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to determine the clinical and biochemical factors associated with outcomes in mechanically ventilated neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: This case-control study included 60 outborn neonates [0–28 days] who required mechanical ventilation between June 2007 and March 2008. Neonates who died following ventilation were classified as cases [n=37], while those who survived were controls [n=23]. Demographic, clinical, ventilatory, and biochemical parameters were collected at admission. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors independently associated with mortality. Results: Overall mortality was 61.7%. Deceased neonates had lower birth weight [1970 ± 735 g vs 2509 ± 752 g, p=0.01] and more frequent gestational age 12 hours [64.9% vs 21.7%, p