Prevalence of Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism via Age and Gender Using TSH as a Molecular Biomarker

Background: Endocrine diseases including thyroid disorders are one of the important issues arising in the population as they tend to affect the normal functioning of the human body. The study aimed to understand the prevalence of the two main disorders, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, in females and males. Methods: Data were collected using self-report method and laboratory record. The cross-sectional method of analysis was used, incorporating the participants who are to undergo regular thyroid functional examination. The participants were grouped according to age and gender and the thyroid status was grouped according to the standard TSH reference ranges. Hypo and hyperthyroidism was prevalence analyzed in order to reveal the demographic trends and risk categories. A comparative approach was used to understand the thyroid disorders prevalence between both genders. Results: We found that females are more prone to develop thyroid disorders compared to males. An age-wise approach was also used to know the age relation with thyroid disorders. The results indicated no positive correlation between increasing age and thyroid disorders. These disorders can occur at any age influenced by many factors. Middle-aged people of both genders showed a higher tendency toward thyroid disorders. Hypothyroidism was the leading disorder when results were analyzed as compared to hyperthyroidism. Conclusion: TSH is an ideal population-based screening and early detection of thyroid disorders molecular biomarker. The noted age and gender specific differences demonstrate the necessity of screening strategies that are focused on the population, particularly, the high-risk group. Here early detection and treatment of thyroid dysfunction can go a long way in reducing morbidity and increasing the overall quality of life.