The Effect of IRT Factors on Innovation Behavior through Generative AI Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior: Focusing on the Moderating Role of Transformational Leadership

Within organizations, Generative AI is emerging not just as an automation tool but as a transformative force reshaping workflows and productivity. However, empirical studies on how organizational resistance influences employees’ Innovation Behavior through Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior remain limited. Based on Innovation Resistance Theory (IRT), this study examines the impact of functional and psychological barriers on employees’ Behavioral Intention to use Generative AI and how intention leads to Use Behavior and subsequently to Innovation Behavior. It also explores how transformational leadership moderates these relationships. Results indicate that functional barriers (usage, value, and risk barrier) and psychological barriers (tradition and image barrier) significantly reduce Behavioral Intention. Transformational leadership mitigates the effects of psychological barriers and strengthens the link between Use Behavior and Innovation Behavior. These findings highlight the need to address resistance factors early and develop transformational leadership that connects technology use with innovative outcomes.