APPLICATION OF PRATYAKSA PRAMANA IN NIDANA, DIAGNOSIS AND CIKITSA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Pratyakṣha Pramaṇa (direct perception) is regarded as the foremost means of valid knowledge in Ayurveda. It forms the epistemological foundation for understanding health, disease causation, clinical examination, and therapeutic decision-making. Classical Ayurvedic texts elaborate the role of sensory perception through appropriate interaction between sense organs (indriya) and their respective objects (indriyartha), while emphasizing that improper sensory utilization leads to pathological states. This review synthesizes classical Ayurvedic literature on Pratyakṣa Pramaṇa and highlights its relevance in nidana (etiology), parikṣha (clinical examination) and chikitsa (treatment) along with its contemporary therapeutic correlations. Keywords: Pratyakṣa Pramaṇa, Indriya, Asatmendriyartha Saṁyoga, Parikṣha,