The Role of State Regulation in Promoting Non-Oil Exports: Legal and Economic Analysis

Currently, Azerbaijan belongs to the group of countries with an economic model largely based on oil revenues, and the oil sector has long played a significant role in the formation of the state budget. Volatility and sharp declines in oil prices pose serious risks to the national economy. In addition, since oil is a non-renewable natural resource, the development of the non-oil sector—particularly non-oil exports—has strategic importance for ensuring long-term economic sustainability. The purpose of this study is to analyze the recent dynamics of Azerbaijan’s non-oil exports and to assess the impact of economic and legal regulatory mechanisms implemented by the state on export promotion. Statistical, analytical, and comparative research methods are employed in the study. The research examines the provisions of the Customs Code that stimulate exports, relevant international practices, and applicable economic theories. The findings indicate that state regulation and incentive mechanisms play a significant role in the expansion of non-oil exports. The article presents Azerbaijan’s main non-oil export products and their advantages based on statistical data, and provides a comparative analysis of regulatory mechanisms applied by countries with oil-based economic models.