Assessment of the sustainability of government expenditure on science and technology in Azerbaijan

The article analyzes the share of expenditures on science and technology from the state budget of the Republic of Azerbaijan in relation to GDP and the state budget over the period 2010–2023, as well as the share of expenditures on technological innovation in gross industrial output. The current situation is assessed through comparison with critical threshold indicators recommended by international organizations and global best practices. Relevant policy recommendations and proposals are also presented. In the case of Azerbaijan, the level and sustainability of these expenditures are of particular importance from the perspective of economic policy and industrial modernization over the past decade.