SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ECONOMY FRAGMENTATION

The presented work examines the challenges and opportunities for ensuring the sustainability of the development of Russian enterprises in the context of the increasing fragmentation of the global economy. The relevance of the study is justified in connection with geopolitical instability, the impact of sanctions and the restructuring of global value chains. An overview of the main scientific approaches to the study of fragmentation (deglobalization, slowing globalization, regionalization) and corporate sustainability (ESG) is presented. The scientific novelty is emphasized, which consists in a comprehensive study of the strategies for adapting Russian business at the intersection of economic stability, environmental responsibility and social management. Based on the available statistical data, key trends were analyzed: increasing the importance of regional trade, import substitution policies and increasing attention to ESG criteria. It was concluded that the fragmentation of the economy stimulates changes in the models of sustainable development of Russian companies in the direction of greater independence, the introduction of digital technologies and orientation to socio-environmental aspects, both in the domestic market and in partner countries. The current stage of development of the world economy is characterized by a departure from the principles of hyperglobalization and the formation of a fragmented structure. This process, spurred by trade conflicts, the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical crises, is manifested in the reorientation of capital and goods flows to the regional level, the transfer of production to nearby countries, technological protectionism and increased influence of non-economic factors. For Russian enterprises facing unprecedented sanctions pressure, these trends have become critical, representing a serious external factor. In these circumstances, the concept of sustainable development (SD), traditionally viewed through the lens of environmental and social dimensions (ESG), is undergoing a transformation. It is beginning to include economic sustainability and operational viability as fundamental elements in the face of international disruptions, technology shortages and limited access to financial resources.