ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

The article examines the current state of agricultural entrepreneurship in one of Russia’s key agrarian regions, characterized by a high degree of structural and institutional heterogeneity. The analysis focuses on the reproduction of entrepreneurial differences shaped by the combined effects of resource constraints, institutional arrangements, technological inequality, and features of human resource provision. Sustainable business models of agricultural entities are explored, differing in scale of operation, degree of integration into market chains, and strategies of adaptation to external constraints, including price volatility, climatic risks, and sanction pressure. Attention is paid to the balance between formal state support instruments and informal constraints affecting investment behavior and access to infrastructure, as well as to the distribution of digitalization effects under conditions of a persistent digital divide. Financial sustainability is analyzed through the lens of dependence on subsidies and the ability of farms to achieve investment autonomy. The state of human capital is identified as a significant factor of long-term development, determining opportunities for technological modernization and the stability of entrepreneurial trajectories. The study substantiates the need to move from universal support measures toward a differentiated regulatory system oriented towards farm typology, reduction of institutional barriers, development of cooperation, and alignment of human resource policy with the objectives of socio-economic development of rural areas.