ENHANCING THE RESILIENCE OF GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS IN THE AGE OF CRISES: VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS AND EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR CRITICAL INDUSTRIES

In the context of growing instability in the global economy, caused by the consequences of the pandemic, geopolitical tensions, and extreme climate change, the analysis of the resilience of global supply channels is of paramount importance. This study is devoted to identifying the key vulnerabilities of modern supply chains and developing a structured set of measures to enhance their ability to adapt to various crisis situations. Based on the analysis of theoretical concepts, empirical data collected between 2020 and 2025, and industry case studies, the necessity of transitioning from “just-in-time” principles to models combining efficiency and redundancy is substantiated. The proposed set of measures includes supplier diversification, the creation of local reserve capacity, the introduction of digital technologies and risk forecasting tools, as well as strengthening collaboration between the state and businesses and applying an ecosystem approach. The results of this study allow formulating practical recommendations for government authorities and companies aimed at enhancing supply chain stability in conditions of high uncertainty. Special attention is paid to the integration of digital solutions and the consideration of geoeconomic factors when forming supply chain risk management s trategies.