DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: BARRIERS, DRIVERS, AND MODELS FOR INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS

This article examines the trends and impact of digital technology adoption on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Russia. Using a systemic analysis of the SME sector, the authors identify key benefits of digital transformation, the main obstacles to its implementation (such as a lack of funding, managerial and psychological barriers), and emerging positive trends. The paper presents a model of digital technology adoption levels in SMEs (from “zero” to “leadership”) and a digital development framework demonstrating potential positive effects. The study identifies key benefits of digitalization, including the development of new business models, access to new markets, increased productivity, and stronger customer relationships. It concludes that, despite existing challenges, digital transformation is a critical factor in increasing the resilience and competitiveness of Russian SMEs in the modern economy.