Dynamics of the legal status of a mobilized employee as the basis for the system of social guarantees for him and his family members

The aim of the article is to define the legal status of a mobilized worker as a dynamic category that evolves under the conditions of a special period, and to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the social security system for him and his family to identify legislative gaps. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work comprises the dialectical method of cognition of legal phenomena, the formal-dogmatic method (for analyzing the content of Art. 119 of the Labor Code of Ukraine and special laws), as well as the comparative-legal method, which allowed revealing differences in the rights of various categories of military personnel. Research results. The article proves that labor relations during the war are transformed but do not cease. It is established that a person’s social protection has a dynamic character, ranging from basic guarantees of retaining the workplace during the conscription stage to lifelong benefits after acquiring combatant status. A significant disproportion in legal regulation was revealed: family members of mobilized persons have significantly narrower rights than families of professional military personnel (contract soldiers). In particular, the family of a mobilized person is deprived of the preferential right to remain at work during staff reductions (redundancies), thereby violating the principle of social justice. Scientific novelty lies in substantiating the concept of “dynamics of legal status” and identifying discriminatory norms in special legislation governing the labor rights of family members of mobilized persons. The practical significance of the work is manifested in the formulation of specific proposals for improving legislation, in particular: the unification of labor guarantees for all categories of defenders’ families and the introduction of a mandatory “adaptation period” (professional readaptation) for demobilized persons. Prospects for further research are related to the development of legal mechanisms for the reintegration of veterans into the labor market and overcoming the consequences of PTSD through labor law instruments. Keywords: social security, mobilized workers, labor relations, social protection, family, family members, benefits, military personnel, guarantees.