Research progress on selenium and polycystic ovary syndrome: A review

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age, marked by irregular ovulation, high androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. These symptoms are often accompanied by insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and chronic low-grade inflammation. However, the precise causes of PCOS are not well understood. Selenium, a vital trace element, is involved in the formation of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidases, which influence redox balance, insulin sensitivity, and reproductive endocrine function. Recent studies have extensively explored the link between selenium and PCOS. This review examines the potential mechanisms of selenium in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, it explores the potential benefits of selenium supplementation in managing this condition. By examining existing research, this article aims to offer novel perspectives that may advance our understanding of the causes and treatment options for PCOS, ultimately paving the way for more effective clinical interventions.