Validation of an Observation Grid for the Professional Practices of Mathematics Trainee Teachers at CRMEF in Morocco

This research aims to validate an observation grid designed to analyze the professional practices ofmathematics trainee teachers within four Regional Centers for Education and Training Professions(CRMEF) in Morocco. The study is based on a sample of 123 trainees observed in real teaching situations,as well as in-depth interviews with 31 mathematics didactics trainers representing all CRMEF across thecountry. The initial grid, composed of 25 items, was developed from solid theoretical frameworks relatedto the analysis of teaching practices. Its empirical validation followed a mixed-methods approach,combining: (1) content validation, (2) internal consistency analysis (Cronbach’s ?), (3) exploratory factoranalysis (EFA), (4) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and (5) inter-rater reliability assessment. Theresults show that five items were eliminated during the validation process, leading to a final versioncomposed of 20 items distributed across four dimensions, each exhibiting high internal consistency (? ?0.80). Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirm the construct validity of an adequatefour-dimensional model. Furthermore, the trainers interviewed largely validated the grid’s relevance(92%), clarity (87%), and formative utility (95%) for supporting trainees. This study thus results in thevalidation of a rigorous, contextualized, and transferable tool intended to harmonize the observation,analysis, and evaluation of professional practices within Moroccan CRMEF. Received: 21 December 2025 / Accepted: 21 February 2026 / Published: March 2026