The Evolving Role of Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation: From Warfarin to Precision Medicine

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and results in clot formation and embolism as one of its complications. Patients with AF require anticoagulation therapy to prevent systemic embolism and events of stroke. This literature review focuses on the evolution of anticoagulation strategies and their impact on the prevention of embolism and stroke events. All findings in this review have been taken from relevant databases, such as PubMed and major cardiovascular journals Several studies have been conducted on various anticoagulation therapies and have shown better effectiveness and prognosis compared to previously used methods. Left atrial appendage occlusion has also proved to be an effective management in preventing thrombotic events in atrial fibrillation. Modern anticoagulants are better in comparison due to better efficacy, safety, and prognosis. However, the use of such medications/therapy depends on various clinical and non-clinical factors.