A CRITICAL REVIEW OF AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RAJYAKSHAMA

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a major global health problem due to drug resistance, long treatment duration, and persistent immune compromise. Ayurveda describes a comparable condition under Rajyakshama, a Tridoshaja disorder characterised by Dhatu-kshaya, Ojakshaya, Agnimandya, chronic cough, fever, hemoptysis, anorexia, and progressive emaciation. The striking similarity between Rajyakshama Lakshanas and modern TB symptoms provides a basis for integrative interpretation. AIM: To critically review the Ayurvedic management of Tuberculosis with special reference to Rajyakshama. METHODS: A comprehensive review was conducted using Ayurvedic classical texts, research articles, dissertations, and scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, RCA, Wiley, and ACS. Conceptual explanations regarding pathology, symptomatology, and treatment principles were systematically analysed. RESULTS: Ayurveda conceptualises Rajyakshama as a progressive depletion disorder resulting from Tridosha vitiation and impaired tissue nourishment. Management focuses on Deepana-Pachana to correct Agni, Rasayana therapy to restore Dhatus, and selective Shodhana procedures like Snehana, Swedana, Vamana, and Virechana. Reviewed literature indicates that Ayurvedic drugs used as adjuncts may improve immunity, reduce symptom severity, enhance nutritional status, and mitigate side effects of anti-TB drugs, although strong randomised evidence is still limited. Conclusion: Ayurveda offers a holistic, personalised framework for TB management, emphasising detoxification, rejuvenation, and immune strengthening. Classical formulations and Rasayana therapy show supportive potential when combined with standard TB regimens. However, standardised protocols and well-designed clinical trials are required to validate and integrate Ayurvedic approaches into mainstream TB control strategies.