Indicators of effective use of the rich experience of academic staff

This article examines academic standards, post-tenure review, and retirement policies for academic staff through a comparative legal perspective. Drawing on the practices of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, the study explores institutional models that balance academic freedom, non-discrimination on the basis of age, and quality assurance in higher education. Particular attention is paid to post-tenure review as a development-oriented mechanism and to voluntary and phased retirement models that mitigate age-related conflicts within academic institutions. The analysis of Georgia’s legal and institutional framework demonstrates that while national legislation prohibits age discrimination, it lacks detailed internal regulations ensuring transparent productivity assessment and structured academic succession. The article concludes that Georgian state universities should prioritize the establishment of performance-based evaluation systems and phased retirement mechanisms rather than age-based limitations, aligning institutional governance with international standards and legal principles of equality. Keywords: higher education, academic tenure, post-tenure review, age discrimination, emeritus.