Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Mean Platelet Count, and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) reflects anisocytosis, which is the variability in erythrocyte size. This parameter is commonly used in the differential diagnosis of various types of anemia Mean platelet volume (MPV) demonstrates platelet size and serves as an indirect marker of platelet activation. Both RDW and MPV have been proposed as potential markers for cardiovascular disease severity and prognosis. Aim: To evaluate the role of RDW, MPV, and the MPV/PLT ratio as supporting indicators in the diagnosis and severity assessment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 104 patients diagnosed with ACS (ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, unstable angina) admitted to the coronary care unit between October and December 2023. A control group of 181 healthy individuals was used to establish reference values. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS. Results: Platelet count, MPV, and the MPV/PLT ratio were significantly associated with ACS. However, RDW showed no association with ACS in this study. Conclusions: This study evaluated the role of hematological parameters in acute coronary syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Basrah demonstrating that the PLT count, MPV, and MPV /PLT ratio are significantly associated with ACS. In this study, RDW was not related to ACS. Given that a complete blood count (CBC) is a simple, cost-effective, and widely available test, we propose that these hematological indices may serve as supportive tools in the risk assessment of ACS patients.