Knowledge, attitude, practice and entomological risk of dengue in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, 2024

Introduction: Burkina Faso has experienced recurrent dengue outbreaks, including a major epidemic in 2023. This study assessed community knowledge, attitudes, preventive practices (KAP), and household-level entomological risk in Bobo-Dioulasso. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2024 in the Do and Dafra health districts. Simple random sampling was performed using the household database from the 2022 long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) distribution campaign. KAP data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Entomological inspection of larval breeding sites was carried out in 384 households, and adult mosquito collection was conducted in 60 households. Data were analyzed using proportions and prevalence ratios (PR), estimated through robust Poisson regression. Results: A total of 402 participants were included. Among them, 95.0% reported that dengue is transmitted by mosquitoes, and 91.3% knew mosquito breeding sites. Dengue was perceived as a community health problem by 94.8% of respondents. In case of suggestive symptoms, 94.0% reported they would seek care at a health facility, while 33.3% indicated they would also consult a traditional healer. Regarding preventive practices, 73.1% reported using an insecticide-treated net, 46.0% practiced environmental sanitation, and 35.6% eliminated stagnant water. Among the 384 households inspected, 61.5% had at least one positive larval breeding site. A total of 1,052 mosquitoes were captured, of which 10.5% were Aedes aegypti; among these, 73.6% were females. After adjustment, poor knowledge of the mode of transmission was associated with a lower likelihood of healthcare seeking (aPR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49–0.93). Conclusion. This study shows high levels of knowledge and generally favourable attitudes toward dengue, but preventive practices remain limited, and household-level entomological risk is high. Strengthening health education, community mobilisation, environmental management, and entomological surveillance remain necessary in Bobo-Dioulasso.