Assessment of Anthropometric Profile, Dietary Intake and Nutrient Adequacy among Middle-Aged Adults with Long Duration Type 2 Diabetes in Mumbai: A cross-sectional study

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a major public health concern in India, with increasing prevalence among middle-aged adults. Nutritional status plays a crucial role in glycemic control and prevention of complications, particularly in individuals with long-duration disease. However, limited hospital-based data are available regarding anthropometric profile and nutrient adequacy among such patients. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 75 people aged 55-65 years (with long duration type 2 diabetes) in Mumbai city. A personal survey (Face-to-face Interview) was taken and information about their anthropometry and dietary habits were recorded. A food frequency questionnaire, 24- hour recall and dietary diversity were used to assess their nutrient intakes. Result: According to their BMI, a greater number of people were obese. In the nutrient analysis, consumption of energy was low compared to EAR (1321.05 ± 241.91kcal & 1061.09 ± 249.40 kcal) and consumption of fat (54.9g ± 9.314 & 41.7g ± 10.094) and carbohydrate (144.16g ± 23.852& 134.79g ± 32.610) were high in both males and females respectively. Protein consumption was slightly higher than EAR (45.5g ± 8.396 & 37.8g ±12.670) in both males and females respectively. Conclusion: The study highlights a high prevalence of overweight and nutrient imbalance among middle-aged adults with long-duration Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Regular nutritional assessment and individualized dietary counselling should be integrated into routine diabetes care to improve long-term outcomes.