Epidemiology of Posterior Segment Trauma Following Closed-Globe Injury in Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Purpose: ​Closed-globe injuries represent a significant form of ocular trauma leading to a varying degree of vision loss. Posterior segment pathologies are critical components of these injuries, and early diagnosis is pivotal in reducing the disease burden. A comprehensive understanding of demography, injury mechanisms, clinical findings, management strategies, and outcomes can enhance prevention and treatment approaches.​ Methods: A tertiary care hospital-based retrospective observational study was done analysing electronic medical records of patients with closed-globe injuries who presented between January 2024-January 2025. Variables studied included age, sex, literacy level, mechanism of injury, primary diagnosis, treatment approach, and posterior segment pathologies. Management and outcomes were evaluated based on medical and surgical interventions and visual prognosis.​ Results: 43 patients were included in the study predominantly consisting of males (84%), with a mean age of 30.5 years, 56% being illiterate. The common modes of these injuries were road traffic accidents (47%), falls (23%), and wood stick injuries (12%). At presentation, 58% of patients exhibited severe visual impairment. Retinal detachment (46%), traumatic optic neuropathy (21%), and vitreous haemorrhage (14%) were common pathologies observed. 77% of treated patients experienced visual improvement after appropriate intervention. Conclusion: This study underscores the epidemiology of closed-globe injuries and their impact on vision. Posterior segment pathologies such as retinal detachment, traumatic optic neuropathy, and vitreous haemorrhage were relatively more common. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial, directly translating to better visual outcomes. Future efforts should focus on preventive strategies and optimizing surgical interventions to enhance visual prognosis.