Translation and Lexicographic Representation of Quantifiers Compensation Strategies for Countability And Determination Gaps

The article analyzes problems of equivalence mismatch that arise in translating quantitative expression units between English and Uzbek, as well as the issues of their lexicographic representation. Based on dissertation findings, three systemic problems are identified: (1) semantic gaps (in particular, mismatches in countability and determination parameters); (2) difficulties in equivalencing quantity degree and evaluative meaning (such as few / a few, much / many, oz / kam); and (3) phraseological-metaphorical shifts. As the methodological basis, the study applies functional-equivalent translation analysis, contrastive-typological comparison, corpus-based observation, and critical analysis of bilingual dictionary entries. As a result, a system of strategies is proposed, including descriptive paraphrase, derivational creativity, contextual specialization, attributive and affixal compensation, as well as recoding (re-coding). For lexicography, a lemma-macrostructure template and entry model are suggested, enabling multi-level description of quantitative units in bilingual dictionaries.