The Principle of Maslahah in Public Finance Abu Ubaid’s thought in Comparative Perspective with afghan Financial Laws

This research paper examines the role of the principle of maslahah (public interest) in public finance through a comparative study of the financial thought of Imam Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām in his work al-Amwāl and contemporary applications in Afghan financial legislation. The study reveals that public interest constitutes a fundamental objective of Islamic law and provides a framework for designing financial policies aimed at justice and social solidarity. A comparison with Afghan financial laws demonstrates both convergence and divergence between traditional juristic principles and modern legal provisions, despite the influence of Islamic legal norms on Afghan legislation. The findings indicate that Abu Ubaid’s conceptual framework remains applicable to contemporary financial systems, highlighting the adaptability of Shariah in accommodating modern developments. This study contributes significantly to Islamic financial jurisprudence and public law, offering a methodological framework for researchers and practical recommendations to enhance future financial policy formulation.