Public-private partnership as a tool for state and regional economic security

Introduction. In the context of war and post-war recovery, the economic security of the state and its regions increasingly depends on the ability to maintain critical infrastructure, ensure continuity of public services and mobilize additional resources for recovery. Public-private partnership (PPP) is considered not as a universal substitute for budget financing, but as a mechanism that can strengthen resilience when properly designed and implemented. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the role of public-private partnership as an instrument of state and regional economic security and to determine the conditions under which PPP projects can contribute to infrastructure modernization, fiscal sustainability, service quality improvement and regional resilience to internal and external shocks. Results. The study systematizes scientific and regulatory approaches to understanding PPP and clarifies its relationship with fiscal, infrastructural, social, energy, environmental, institutional and regional dimensions of economic security. The comparative analysis of Ukrainian and European cases demonstrates that the most predictable positive effect is achieved in sectors with clearly measurable outputs, such as urban energy efficiency, waste management, water supply, healthcare infrastructure and selected logistics projects. At the same time, transport, logistics and digital PPPs are more vulnerable to military, political, macroeconomic and technological risks. The suspended Olvia port concession and the underperformance of the Irish broadband project confirm the importance of realistic demand forecasts, risk allocation and contract flexibility. Conclusion. PPP can strengthen state and regional economic security only when project objectives are clearly defined, risks are fairly allocated, performance indicators are fixed, public control is ensured and contracts contain adaptation mechanisms. For Ukraine, PPP should be applied selectively in projects with a clear security effect, supported by force majeure clauses, step-in rights, war-risk insurance, international guarantees and transparent monitoring mechanisms.