Clinical interpretability of laboratory zirconia bonding studies: a structured systematic review

PubMed, Scopus, and manual screening of references from included studies. Main outcome(s) Overall clinical interpretability classification (high, moderate, low) based on predefined domains.Additional outcome(s) Specific surface treatment efficacy, durability testing results, failure mode patterns, and reporting transparency.Data management Data extraction using a standardized form covering study characteristics, methods, and outcomes.Quality assessment / Risk of bias analysis A domain-based checklist for clinical interpretability was used instead of traditional risk-of-bias tools. Strategy of data synthesisQualitative synthesis due to methodological heterogeneity; no statistical meta-analysis was performed. Subgroup analysisNot conducted due to inconsistent reporting of variables like zirconia generation. Sensitivity analysis No formal quantitative sensitivity analysis was done.Language restriction Only English-language publications were included. Country(ies) involved Saudi Arabia, United States of America, India.Other relevant information The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and excluded studies with inadequate methodological reporting.