Competition and Collaboration in the World of Computer-Mathematical Economic Models

The concepts of competition and collaboration between agents as central characteristics of the economy in both theory and practice, have been applied in this article in order to analyze the relations between computer-mathematical models. Just as competition and cooperation serve as structure-forming characteristics in the interactions between economic systems, competition and collaboration of models structure the model space and determine possibilities and methods for their integration. The dominance of competitive relations between equal-level and hierarchically dependent economic systems provokes the risk of economic disorganization and creates the preconditions for its instability. The dominance of cooperative relationships, in turn, can lead to a decrease in the level of innovation in the economy and a slowdown in scientific and technological progress. The correspondence between the multitude of economic system types represented by object, process, project, and environmental systems, and the multitude of classes of the most common computer-mathematical models represented by agent-based, econometric, cognitive, and equilibrium models, enables the development of a unified theory of competitive and cooperative relationships. On this basis, the method for constructing complex models of economic systems has been proposed in this paper. Such a model combines agent-based, econometric, cognitive, and equilibrium models, describing the functioning of an integrated economic system from different perspectives. A sequence of modeling stages has been presented. It concretizes the concept of model construction, known as the concept of evidence-based modeling. It has been s shown that the intense competitive relationships between agent-based and econometric models of a given economic system can be harmonized by incorporating these models into a tetrad – a complex of models from four classes, in which the interaction of the models occurs according to the ring scheme "agent-based model – equilibrium model – econometric model – cognitive model". The proposed method can be used while solving practical issues of constructing complex models of economic systems.