Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training Combined with Virtual Reality on Balance and Gait in Patients with Stroke : A Literature Review

This literature review aimed to evaluate the effects of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) combined with virtual reality (VR) on balance and gait function in patients with stroke. A total of nine randomized controlled trials published between 2015 and 2025 were identified through searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and Google Scholar. Most studies reported improvements in balance and gait outcomes following the combined intervention. Balance was commonly assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go Test, while gait was measured with the 10-Meter Walk Test and gait analysis systems. Interventions lasting more than four weeks and conducted at least three times per week showed more consistent positive results. Key components contributing to effectiveness included the use of immersive visual feedback and robotic systems that allowed individualized adjustment of walking speed and support. These elements promoted neuroplasticity and enhanced functional recovery. The findings suggest that RAGT combined with VR is an effective strategy to improve balance and gait in stroke rehabilitation. Intervention should be tailored to each patient’s clinical condition and rehabilitation goals for optimal outcomes.