Qualitative Analysis of Theacher’s Work Behavior Through Observation in Elementary Schools : A Case Study at SD Negeri 11 Pancung Soal

This qualitative study analyzes teachers' work behavior at SD Negeri 11 Pancung Soal, Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatra, through participant observation over 40 hours across 20 class sessions. Findings identify three dominant patterns: proactive (45%, featuring student-centered methods and Minangkabau cultural integration boosting student engagement by 30%), passive (35%, due to delays and administrative burdens reducing interactions by 40%), and adaptive (20%, hybrid post-pandemic teaching enhancing retention by 35%). Yin's case study approach and Braun-Clarke's thematic analysis confirm influences from internal (motivation) and external (rural infrastructure) factors. Results emphasize Kurikulum Merdeka training for behavioral transformation, supporting inclusive elementary education quality.