Design and construction of a fault emulator for the electronic control of an internal combustion engine using a wireless interface

Electronic fuel injection systems have replaced carburetors due to their precise control of the air-fuel mixture, optimizing combustion and reducing emissions. These systems, which include sensors, actuators and the ECU, are essential to engine performance. The complexity of these systems requires advanced diagnostic tools and specialized training for automotive technicians. Emulators are crucial for training, allowing practice in safe environments. Injection systems use sensors to measure airflow, pressure, temperature and crankshaft position, sending signals to the ECU to adjust injection and ignition. Some key sensors are the MAF, MAP, IAT, CKP, KS and the oxygen sensor. The ECU analyzes these signals to adjust the amount of fuel needed, improving efficiency and reducing consumption and emissions. Therefore, this document details the design and construction of a fault emulator for the electronic injection system for an internal combustion engine, through the application of electronic components, PCB design in Protel 99 SE and use of Iocomp commands which will allow the identification of faults, engine behavior and training for automotive technicians. Fault emulation allowed the identification of faults and erroneous behavior of the internal combustion engine.