Research on BIOS and BMC Compatibility Optimization Methods for Cross-Generation Servers in Production Environments

It is common for servers from different generations to coexist in production data centers in the United States.However, the BIOS/UEFI and BMC firmware and the corresponding management and abstract hardware of servers from different generations are incompatible, which leads to a series of problems such as firmware upgrade failure, out-of-band disconnection, and increased mean recovery time, resulting in higher downtime costs and greater compliance risks.This paper focuses on server clusters in actual production parks in three real and representative regions (US-East/US-Central/US-West), with 2,480 sample nodes in 2024.Comparative experiments show that, compared to the traditional method of upgrading one machine at a time, the proposed method can increase the success rate of firmware upgrades from 96.6% to 99.2%, and reduce the average repair time from 18.4 minutes to 6.3 minutes.The availability of remote KVM is improved by approximately 0.19 percentage points, sensor consistency error is reduced by 57.9%, and the scope of audit-based compliance is increased by as much as 22 percentage points.The work in this paper brings a certain level of reusability and quantitative indicator reference to the automation of firmware management and operation and maintenance of US production servers across generations.