Update of incidence and survival in patients with cervical cancer in the United States from 2000 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: The implementation of human papillomavirus-based screening in the early 2000s and advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapy have necessitated updated insights into the incidence and survival trends of cervical cancer in the U.S. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 data on patients diagnosed with primary invasive cervical cancer from 2000 to 2021. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated in SEER*Stat software. Trends of incidence were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models to calculate annual percent changes and identify the best-fitting joinpoints. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate risk factors associated with overall survival (OS). RESULTS: From 2000 to 2021, the incidence of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IA/IB declined annually by 1.9% and 0.7%, respectively, while the incidence of FIGO IV increased by 0.9% per year. Unadjusted OS declined slightly over the study period (hazard ratio [HR]=1.010; p