An Ayurvedic Review of the Role of Patrapinda Sweda in Gridhrasi

Ruja, which results from the vitiation of Vata, is associated with the word "pain" in Ayurveda. Ancient Ayurvedic treatises described the use of heat therapy for a variety of illnesses. Acharyas discuss various Ayurvedic therapeutic procedures. Swedana is one of those. Acharya Charak has not discussed Swedana in a distinct chapter because it is a non-surgical process; instead, he has discussed it as a therapy option for several Vatavyadhis (neuro-musculoskeletal illnesses), including Gridhrasi (sciatica). According to Ayurveda, gridhrasi describes a condition in which pain extends downward from Sphik pradesha to Kati, Prusta, Uru, Janu, Jangha, and Pada. As a result, the patient is unable to walk normally(1). Gridhrasi is a well-described Vatavyadhi in Ayurveda that is clinically similar to sciatica and is characterized by stiffness, prickling pain, and limited movement in addition to radiating pain from the gluteal region to the lower limb. It has a major impact on daily activities and life quality. As a general treatment for Vata Vyadhi, Snehana and Swedana can also be used to treat Gridhrasi(2). One therapy method that falls under Snehana is Patra pinda Sweda(3) (Vatashamak), and Swedana is renowned for its symptom-relieving effects. Murchita Tila Taila has been chosen for the Sthanik abhyanga because of its Vata Shamaka. According to the classics, Swedana has Sheetaghna, Gauravaghna, and Stambhaghna traits(4). A type of Sankarasweda called Patra Pinda Sweda uses various Vatahara medications(5). This process involves frying the leaves of medicinal plants with Vedanastapana and Shothahara properties in medicated oil and tying them into a pottali. As a result, it has both Snehana and Swedana effects, which lessen Gridrasi symptoms.