Investigating the Challenges and Best Practices for Implementing Cybersecurity Frameworks and Policies in the Banking Sector in Sierra Leone

Cybersecurity is a critical concern for Sierra Leone's banking sector due to increasing digitalisation and cyber threats. The study aimed at investigating the challenges and identify best practices for implementing cybersecurity frameworks and policies within commercial banks in Freetown’s Western Area Urban, with a focus on enhancing information system security. The research employed a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative surveys questionnaire and qualitative interviews involving bank staff, IT personnel, managers, regulators, and customers. Key findings reveal significant gaps between policy awareness and implementation, compounded by outdated systems, insufficient funding, skill shortages, and weak regulatory enforcement. Based on the findings, the study recommends the adoption of context-sensitive cybersecurity frameworks, coupled with regular training programs and investment in modern security technologies. Additionally, stronger collaboration between banks, regulators, and customers is essential to build a resilient cybersecurity culture. These measures are vital for safeguarding financial data, ensuring service continuity, and promoting trust in Sierra Leone’s evolving digital banking landscape.