Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater of Ghaghara Waterway and its Tributaries – A Review

Groundwater serves as an essential source of consumable water and it is employed for water system, domestic requirements and different other operations. The Ghaghara stream, critical influent of the Ganga River, navigates a significant parcel of Northern Uttar Pradesh and is encouraged by multitudinous littler aqueducts. Research has demonstrated that the groundwater inside the Ghaghara receptacle and its tributaries is defiled with arsenic. To investigate the conc. of arsenic present in groundwater of Ghaghra river basin and its tributaries. Water samples were collected from different sources of Tubewell, River water. The water samples were then analysed through Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)that confirms the presence of arsenic. This method utilizes Flow injection hydride generation technique. The tubewells in the district Basti, Gonda, Ayodhya shows arsenic content above 10 microgram per litre while the conc. in the sediments of Ghaghara river was 7.11mg per kg , while the Seti and Sharda river basin shows trace amount of arsenic. Kuano river ranges from 8-9 mg/l in contrast Saryu river has conc. of arsenic 7-8mg/l. In Rapti river basin its groundwater shows elevated arsenic conc. which is 399mg/l . This review article compiles the information on arsenic situations in the groundwater of the Ghaghara waterway and its tributaries as reported till date.