Antibacterial Potential of Batuan (Garcinia binucao) Fruit Crude Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus: An in Vitro Study Employing Agar Disc Diffusion Assay

This study investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of Batuan (Garcinia binucao) fruit crude extract against Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium commonly associated with skin infections and colonization of the mouth and nose. A parallel-group experimental design was employed, testing three concentrations of the extract (50%, 75%, and 100%) using the agar disk diffusion method. The fruit samples underwent authentication, extraction, dilution, and antibacterial screening, with each treatment replicated in three trials. The results revealed that the 100% concentration exhibited the largest inhibition zone (29.91 mm on average), followed by 75% (21.75 mm), oxacillin (21.70 mm), and 50% (17.60 mm). The statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA indicated a significant difference among the treatments, with the computed F-value (32.9290) exceeding the critical F-value (4.0662), thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. These findings demonstrate that antibacterial activity increases with extract concentration, confirming that Batuan fruit crude extract is effective against Staphylococcus aureus and has potential as a natural antimicrobial agent.