The Milky Way Bulge Extratidal Star Survey: NGC 6569

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Authors: Joanne Hughes, Andrea Kunder, Kevin R. Covey, Kathryn Devine, Kristen A. Larson, Carlos Campos, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Joseph E. McEwen, G. I. Perren, Christian I. Johnson, Craig Allan Horton, Luke Timothy Smith
+16 more Sarah Torset, Cynthia Luna, Matthew Kolmanovsky, Fiona Kovisto, Leander Villarta, Vy Vuong, Iulia T. Simion, Kyle Webster, Erika Silva, Catherine A. Pilachowski, R. Michael Rich, Justin A. Kader, Andreas J. Koch-Hansen, Meridith Joyce, Sean McAdam, Faith Benda
Cited by: 2
References: 98

Abstract

Abstract We present spectroscopic evidence for tidal debris associated with the bulge globular cluster NGC 6569, based on medium-resolution ( R ∼ 11,000) spectra of 303 stars obtained with the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Targets were selected using Blanco DECam Bulge Survey photometry with Gaia DR3 astrometry, and span ∼ 7 ′ – 3 0 ′ (i.e., 1–5 r t , where r t is the King-model tidal radius) from the cluster center. Theoretical modeling shows that the Jacobi radii can vary between 8 ′ – 1 1 ′ and 1 8 ′ – 2 2 ′ over the orbit, likely leaving stars around the cluster that are transitioning into the predicted leading and lagging tidal tails. We identify 40 stars in this sample that exhibit chemical and kinematic properties consistent with previous, or borderline, cluster membership. The seven best candidates have S/N > 30, with [Fe/H] = –0.83 ± 0.14 dex and [ α /Fe] = +0.38 ± 0.06 dex, consistent with NGC 6569’s bound population. Our findings provide evidence that NGC 6569 is actively losing stars through tidal stripping, contributing to the bulge field population at a present rate of 1.0–1.6 M ⊙ Myr −1 , which corresponds to ≈5.6% ± 1.3% of its present-day mass per Gyr. This work is part of the Milky Way Bulge Extra-Tidal Star Survey and represents our first detailed study of a massive bulge globular cluster in this context.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Stellar planetary and galactic studies Astronomy and Astrophysical Research Astro and Planetary Science

Publication details

Journal / source
The Astronomical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Volume
171
Issue
3
Pages
137–137
Publication date
6 February 2026
Language
EN