Microlensing Signatures of Dyson Sphere–like Structures around Primordial Black Holes as Technosignatures of Extraterrestrial Advanced Civilizations

Abstract We investigate the microlensing detectability of extraterrestrial technosignatures originating from Dyson sphere-like structures, such as Dyson swarms surrounding primordial black holes. These hypothetical swarms consist of stochastically varying, partially opaque structures that could modulate standard microlensing light curves through time-dependent transmission effects. We introduce a probabilistic framework that includes a stochastic transmission model governed by variable optical depth and random gap distributions. We perform a parameter scan and generate heat maps of the optical transit duration. We study the infrared excess radiation and peak emission wavelength as complementary observational signatures. Additionally, we define and analyze the effective optical depth and the anomalous microlensing event rate for these stochastic structures. Our findings provide a new avenue for searching for extraterrestrial advanced civilizations by extending microlensing studies to include artificial, dynamic modulation signatures.