Long-term effects of using pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor following chemotherapy: A real-world study on patients with ovarian cancer

Pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) is recommended for the prevention of neutropenia during chemotherapy for gynecological tumors.However, its long-term safety is still worth exploring.The present study aimed to explore the long-term effects of the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF on neutrophils following the completion of first-line chemotherapy during poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance therapy in patients with ovarian cancer.In the present retrospective cohort study, patients were categorized according to whether or not they received prophylactic injections of PEG-rhG-CSF at 24-48 h after the completion of first-line chemotherapy (prophylactic group vs. non-prophylactic group).The primary outcomes were changes in neutrophil and leukocyte levels in both groups.The Mann-Whitney U test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction was used to compare data between the two groups at different time points, and statistical significance for this analysis was defined as a corrected P-value below the adjusted significance threshold (leukocytes, P